Boundaries of the social economy
Although its origins are rooted in the 19th century, the social economy concept has developed markedly since the 1990s (the 1980s in France).
Since its creation, the CES has played a pioneering role in building and developing the social economy approach at the regional, national and international levels, both from a conceptual standpoint and from a statistical standpoint.
In Belgium:
- Marée, M., & Mertens de Wilmars, S. (2010). Les contours de l'entreprise sociale. In S., Mertens de Wilmars (Ed.), La gestion des entreprises sociales (pp. 17-82). Liège, Belgique: Edi.pro.
- Mertens de Wilmars, S., & Dujardin, A. (2008). Contours statistiques des sociétés de l'économie sociale. E-Note, 6.
- Mertens de Wilmars, S., & Marée, M. (2008). Définir l'économie sociale en Belgique. E-Note, 4.
- Defourny, J. (1992). Le secteur de l'économie sociale en Belgique. In J., Defourny & J.-L., Monzon Campos (Eds.), Economie Sociale - The Third Sector (pp. 225-256). Brussels - Paris, Belgium: De Boeck.
In Western countries:
- Defourny, J., & Pestoff, V. (2008). Images and Concepts of the Third Sector in Europe. EMES Working Papers, 08(02).
- Defourny, J., & Laville, J.-L. (2007). Pour une économie sociale revisitée. Revue Nouvelle, (January-February), 78-84.
- Defourny, J. (2000). Resocialiser l'économie? Revue Internationale de l'Economie Sociale : Recma, Revue des Etudes Coopératives, Mutualistes et Associatives, 275-276, 184-196.
- Defourny, J., & Mertens de Wilmars, S. (1999). Le troisième secteur en Europe : un aperçu des efforts conceptuels et statistiques. In B., Gazier, J.-L., Outin, & F., Audier (Eds.), L'économie sociale (pp. 5-20). Paris: L'Harmattan.
- Defourny, J., & Monzon Campos, J. L. (Eds.). (1992). Economie sociale. Entre économie capitaliste et économie publique. Brussels - Paris: De Boeck.
- Boniver, V., Defourny, J., & Richelot, C. (1991). Cooperative, Mutual and Nonprofit Organizations in the European Community. In European Commission (Ed.), Panorama of E.C. Industry 1991-1992 (pp. 121-141). Brussels: European Publications Office.
Worldwide: